To what extent should we allow L1 in the L2 classroom Free Essays

Presentation The utilization of a student’s first language (L1) in a second language homeroom (L2) has been bantered for various years (Morahan 2010) inside the standards set by Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL). Numerous instructors have any innate understanding that educating in a subsequent language is intellectually more perplexing than that of a first language (He 2011). Numerous researchers banter the significance of L1 in the L2 study hall with different contentions identified with language procurement, how the understudy compartmentalizes the two dialects inside memory and L2 introduction inside classes (Cook 2001). We will compose a custom paper test on How much would it be a good idea for us to permit L1 in the L2 study hall? or on the other hand any comparative subject just for you Request Now Examination over the former decades have seen an expansion in ESL in the study hall and has become a basic subject of commitment in school as well as in a more extensive society (Ford 2009). Proof has indicated that journalists engauge in their L1 in any event, when moving toward errands set inside their L2 (van Weijen et al. 2009). This demonstrates there is joining somewhere in the range of L1 and L2. This paper plans to inspect a portion of the complexities faces by TESOL and understudies while encouraging the utilization (or non-utilization) of L1 in the L2 homeroom and the degree to which we ought to energize the utilization of L1. The pertinence of L1 in the L2 homeroom There is a crucially significant job to be played by the L1 and L2 homeroom as to the degree of bilingualism that has emerged in the previous 40 years (Milroy Muysken 1995, p.1) with regularly propelling innovation and connectedness of countries. Colonization has implied that the requirement for people to have the option to impart in more than one language includes become basic inside current training. There has likewise been an ascent in optional dialects inside ethnic minorities become further profound established in contemporary living (Ibid). Be that as it may, the contention stays with respect to whether youngsters learning a subsequent language ought to have the option to encourage the utilization of their first language or on the off chance that it is increasingly advantageous for the class to just be directed in the subsequent language. Language procurement has relationship with the general improvement speculations as investigated by formative analysts, for example, Vygotsky and Bruner. Angles, for example, the sociocultural hypothesis of brain in second language procurement are usually investigated (Lantolf 2000), and how language securing identifies with current act of L1 use in the L2 study hall. A considerable lot of the hypotheses concerning sociolcultural hypothesis have a relationship with the thought that the human brain is intervened. Vygotsky contended that people encourage the utilization of ‘tools and work activity’ (Lantolf, 2000, p. 1) which empowers us to change our comprehension of the world and the manner by which we exist inside it. He contended that our way of life assumed an indispensable job in our comprehension of language and that our comprehension of the psyche has empowered us to somewhat understand the levels in which intellectual activities are accomplished. He further contend ed that language empowered kids to intercede the manner by which they carried on. Different adherents of sociolcultural hypothesis in second language procurement (SLA) identify with the idea of private discourse where understudies can build and comprehend significance of L2 with the utilization of inward L1 discourse. They likewise contend that L2 sentence structure complexities are regularly effortlessly comprehended when clarified in L1, as L2 clarifications cause some student’s challenges with understanding (Lantolf, 2000, p. 31). This is the place we can see the beginning of the contention creating for the individual’s utilization of L1 in the L2 study hall (regardless of whether this isn't plainly utilized by facilitators). There are numerous variables that help the utilization of L1 in the L2 study hall close by those which don't, and a portion of these will be investigated in this. The contention for L1 in the L2 study hall Tang proposes that to learn L2 is a lot of equivalent to L1, concerning broad introduction (Tang 2002). That is; small kids at first figure out how to communicate in their mom language through a procedure of introduction, to incorporate displaying and redundancy. Now, the current paper could bring the issues encompassing language obtaining gadget as proposed by Noam Chomsky into the discussion, with respect to the prevalent capacity to learn language at it’s most grounded until roughly 4 years old; yet the extension for this paper doesn't take into account such. In any case, it can give perusers a thought with regards to why the L1 is apparently a lot simpler to ace than that of L2 (if the start of L2 learning is to start post matured 4 years). Examination has featured that the sign of the utilization of L1 in the L2 homeroom really improves cognizance of L2 by the understudies (Tang 2002; Cook 2001). The variation of dialects somewhere in the range of L1 and L2 is viewed as a significant rule in certain classes, and even permits understanding companions to clarify in L1, the errand that is being portrayed in L2 (Morahan 2010).From individual experience, in spite of the fact that not straightforwardly identified with TESOL, educating in L1, to an assortment of understudies whose primary language is L2, offers approach to distributed learning. It is seen that various understudies will encourage their own L1, to disclose to different understudies with equivalent L1, the errand which is being portrayed in L2. It is accepted that this corresponding learning permits understudies a more profound understanding of the essential language in multi-lingual classes. The previously mentioned involvement with part identifies with the tho ught of the ‘New Concurrent’ strategy (Cook 2001), in which the educator switches somewhere in the range of L1 and L2, yet in the portrayed model, the understudy accepts this new simultaneous technique and not the instructor. The technique permits instructors to disclose key focuses to understudies and to take into account a progressively solid perception in L1 instead of the degrees of cognizance found in clarifications absolutely in L2. A portion of the more extreme ways to deal with TESOL, is that of cognates (Van Assche et al. 2009). Cognates encourages the utilization of consolidating both L1 and L2 in a sentence, for example, ‘Franglais’, the mix of French and English into a sentence. For instance, ‘Je like la creme glacee on an ete chaud day’ (I like frozen yogurt on a sweltering summers day). After roughly fourteen days, the educator would essentially be talking half French and half English, with further movement over the long haul. This is substance encourages the utilization of code exchanging (Auer 1999a) which is examined in more detail in the data against the utilization of L1 in the L2 study hall later in the paper. Exploration has indicated that encouraging the utilization of cognates in the L2 homeroom diminishes perusing times of understudies nearby a perception capacity (Van Assche et al. 2009) and an expansion in word acknowledgment times. Truth be told, the creators of the exploration express that it is hard for understudy to kill their prevailing first language and in that capacity, anticipating that them should do so might be useless (Ibid). The technique for cognates and the mix of the old (L1) with the new (L2) proposes that for an understudy to get certain about L2, there must be an acknowledgment of the degree of utilization of L1 in a study hall, and in reality it ought to be supported. On the off chance that we again get the lessons of Vygotsky concerning the ZPD, at that point anticipating that an understudy should work completely in L2 may make them stretch past their limits of the ZPD and as such meddle with their learning procedure. Lantolf Poehner (2011) recommend that inside the L2 study hall there ought to be dynamic evaluation (DA), a system dependent on Vygotskian hypothesis which permits instructors to help the improvement in a functioning strategy for assistance. This dynamic help empowers understudies to gradually crawl past the domains of the ZPD without overpowering them causing for dissatisfaction or incomprehension. For such a technique to work there should be the capacity of the TESOL to encourage L1 in helping the advancement of the movement of the understudies L2. Instructor utilization of L1 There are an assortment of techniques where an educator can encourage the utilization of L1 in the study hall to empower the proceeding with movement of her understudies as refered to by Atkinson (1987, for example, inspiring language, checking for understudies understanding, giving out complex directions in the most fundamental of levels, co-working in gatherings, essential clarifications of homeroom procedures, using interpretation to feature something as of late instructed, checking for sense, testing and to create circumvention methodologies, all of which become a perplexing errands on the off chance that they are to be depicted and executed in L2. Atkinson further contends that use of L1 in the homeroom empowers an improvement of familiarity and contends for its incorporation. His composing went in close vicinity to the 1980’s, a period wherein there was a general pattern for prohibition of L1 and as such endured the worst part of analysis. In any case, his clarification with respect to how L1 is used in the L2 study hall was clear and pretty much ruled out supported analysis. Understudy utilization of L1 It is normal for understudies in the L2 study hall, to encourage the utilization of L1 in gathering, or pair work. The utilization of L1 will permit them to work and create inside their Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD), a hypothesis very much built and assessed by Vygotsky (1987) and remarked on broadly in second language procurement (Escandon Sanz 2011; Compernolle et al. 2012; Lantolf Poehner 2011). The general supposition that will be that on the off chance that understudies can encourage L1 discontinuously, at that point L2 understudies may process subjectively, at an a lot more elevated level, than if working in L2 alone. This thus makes a more significant level of comprehension (Morahan 2010). Understudies are additionally observed to encourage a simultaneous strategy as previously mentioned and this seems to have defenses for the utilization of L1 in the L2 study hall. The contention against L1 in the L2 study hall Examination has featured that even since the 1880s, there has been this

Hypodermic needle Essay

Prelude As I plunked down to consider this examination paper I contemplated chocolate and all the things I could expound on and they all appear to be something very similar. Where chocolate originated from, and how it was made just as how would you cook with it and even some chocolate plans. I needed to accomplish something that I thought had never been done, be unique I trust this is something that you haven’t seen before in an examination paper. Presentation Chocolate can be developed from various perspectives. Other than of utilizing it in chiseling and forming, it very well may be engraved with examples and cut into shapes for cake beautification. In any case, in today’s world numerous development has occurred in the chocolate business in the course of recent years. Here are a portion of the new ways that chocolate is being use in innovation. 1. The Chocolate Whiff David Edwards a Harvard educator has protected another approach to devour chocolate: called Le Whif it is comprised of a cylinder that splashes a fog of chocolate. It conveys one kilocalorie (calorie) per shower; this innovation gives the solid cognizant an approach to fulfill their chocolate desires without the plated. 2. A Chocolate Printer At Cornell University a researcher has made a 3-Demintional food printer that can print utilizing hypodermic needles loaded up with chocolate. The printer not exclusively can do chocolate, yet in addition any eatable fixing that can be placed in fluid structure. The needles demonstration in blend with PC to make layers which gradually become a 3-Demintional object. 3. Chocolate meets Fashion Because of its embellishment abilities chocolate Stacey Van Waldick of Promise Me Chocolates a chocolate organization in New York has made chocolate pearls, rings and pendants for take home gift wedding and unique event, while one per year New York City presents a Fashion show called â€Å" The Chocolate Show† where all the apparel are comprised of chocolate. 4. The Chocolate that is a Vitamin Every body thinks about how eating chocolate should discharge endorphin to the mind which assists with discharging pressure. Yet, presently there is an organization in Northern California that has started to put polyunsaturated acids like omega-three just as insusceptible promoter in chocolate. This will assist with expanding the medical advantages of eating chocolate. 5. Chocolate that you can tune in to. I recognize what you are thinking yet the appropriate responses in â€Å"No† chocolate can’t talk, yet Ben Milne a pastry specialist from Scotland was attempt to figure out how to enable his companions to advance their collection when he chose to put the band’s music on a chocolate record, after that made a playable chocolate CD. Presently that is the genuine significance of â€Å"the sweet stable of music†. 6. No-dissolving chocolate The softening purpose of chocolate is between 86â °-90â ° right? Wrong in light of the fact that there is an organization in Ireland that has the patent whatever is supposed to be the world’s first chocolate that doesn't dissolve. The shellfish is that chocolate has oils in it that makes it bendable and impervious to warm. The Play-mixture like chocolate can without much of a stretch be utilized by baked good boss, comes in three distinct assortments milk white and dim and, and it is absolutely edible. 7. Innovation meets chocolate Based out of San Francisco California TCHO (Technology+Chocolate) is an up and organization that produces chocolate with a diverse flare Timothy Childs organizer was a NASA programming software engineer who chose to strike out on his on with a dream to make chocolate without any preparation and in doing as such here made what he calls the TCHO dull chocolate flavor wheel which comprises of flavors like chocolately, citrus, nutty, gritty, fruity and flower. Childs additionally imagined an iphone application that he can sign on to and control his flavor lab by remote he can control time, temperature and shut the machines now and again. End With innovation changing constantly the idea of what should be possible with chocolate is presently boundless. Where is chocolate going â€Å"The World will never know? † Bibiliograpy â€Å"Apple †IPhone in Business †Profiles †TCHO Chocolate. † Apple †IPhone in Business †Profiles †TCHO Chocolate.N. p. , n. d. Web. 30 Nov. 2012. <http://www. apple. com/iphone/business/profiles/tcho-chocolate/>. â€Å"Chocolate and Technology Deliciously Mix in California. † Fox News. FOX News Network, 17 July 2012. Web. 30 Nov. 2012. <http://www. foxnews. com/tech/2012/07/17/chocolate-tech-flavorful blend california-tcho/>. â€Å"5 Surprising Chocolate Innovations. † Menuism Dining Blog RSS. N. p. , n. d. Web. 30 Nov. 2012. . N. p. , n. d. Web.

Business Ethics, Ethic Dilemma, Manual of conduct Essay

Business Ethics, Ethic Dilemma, Manual of lead - Essay Example The contention principally happens when questionable choices are settled on inside an association and these choices can prompt significant debates that may even request legitimate goals. Consequently, the moral necessities that associations must submit to ought to be appropriately and plainly characterized to offer entrepreneurs the chance to appropriately tail them and stay away from any lawful repercussions that may somehow or another outcome. Set forth plainly, the moral dynamic procedure is hence a lot of settled methods inside some random association that helps in assessing the best strategy among a few choices, while working inside the moral prerequisites of the business in question.â For our examination into morals we have picked Chiquita Brands. Chiquita Brands has, previously, set out upon morally flawed activities that we have decided for our contextual investigation problems. These difficulties incorporate the youngster work that Chiquita utilizes on their banana manors in Ecuador and the financing of a conservative paramilitary gathering in Colombia. Both of these pickles are similarly shocking acts that contain various escape clauses that discharge Chiquita from blame. Chiquita is a main worldwide produce organization engaged with the banana exchange. Our organization is headquartered in Charlotte, North Carolina, however Chiquita Banana and our auxiliaries utilize more than 20,000 individuals situated in more than six landmasses. Despite the fact that our organization is presently devoted to our basic beliefs of Integrity, Respect, Opportunity and Responsibility, over the numerous years we have been in activity, similar to some other association, we have been compelled to manage various moral issues in a business domain. These have even brought about the association experiencing difficulty with the law. Among such issues were the utilization of kid workers in our techniques for creation and the conceivable installment of products wholes of cash to criminal associations in South American nations for security. The last issue,

The Awakening :: essays research papers

In The Awakening Kate Chopin utilizes a few images and themes to uncover more prominent subjects all through the book. The hero, Edna Pontellier, experiences a progression of â€Å"awakenings† in which she finds her freedom and yearning for an actual existence which is less acclimated. However Edna eventually finds that autonomy and isolation come inseparably, and that the desires for ladies in the 1800’s clash with her longing to be a person. A few occasions and characters impact Edna’s arousing, for example, Robert Lebrun, Adele Ratignolle and even her few visits to Grand Isle. However there is one character who is by all accounts the most compelling in Edna’s advancement and that is Mademoiselle Reisz.      Mademoiselle Reisz is an offbeat and to some degree disagreeable more seasoned lady yet in addition a superb piano player. She is unmarried, childless, and simple, giving all her an opportunity to her music. Indeed, even her living style uncovers her character; a condo above every other person, with a view, yet regularly repulsive and cold. Mademoiselle Reisz fills in as a dream for Edna speaking to autonomy and opportunity, and she is in this way a foil for Adele who speaks to everything an adequate lady would have been in the nineteenth century. Despite the fact that neither Edna nor Mademoiselle Reisz can truly profess to have been extremely attached to one another, Edna looks for her friendship as she seeks after her autonomy and is pulled in to Mademoiselle in view of her dull way. Mademoiselle Reisz is the main character who is aware of Edna’s affections for Robert and in this manner fills in as a significant connection between the two characters. Mademois elle Reisz additionally understands that Edna is the main visitor who appears to be truly moved by her music, made evident in a section in which Edna first hears her play â€Å"Perhaps it was the first occasion when she was prepared, maybe the first run through her being was tempered to take an intrigue of the withstanding truth... she saw no photos of isolation, of expectation, of yearning, or of despair† (chap.9 pg. 33). In this light Mademoiselle Reisz fills in as a genuine partner for Edna and these subtleties bring these two differentiating characters together.      As Edna turns out to be progressively mindful of her sexuality and should be free she understands that Mademoiselle Reisz is the encapsulation of creativity and female autonomy, one who lives in whimsical separation. Mademoiselle Reisz discloses to Edna that she should be fearless is she wishes to be a craftsman, that craftsmen must have a gallant and resistant soul, â€Å"Courageous, mama foi! The daring soul.

Sustainable Development - Design and Build Without Harm

Maintainable Development - Design and Build Without Harm Maintainable advancement is a general conviction that every single human undertaking ought to advance the life span of the planet and its occupants. What designers call the constructed condition ought not hurt the Earth or drain its assets. Manufacturers, modelers, fashioners, network organizers, and land designers endeavor to make structures and networks that will neither exhaust common assets nor adversely sway the Earths working. The objective is to address todays issues utilizing sustainable assets with the goal that the necessities of people in the future will be accommodated. Supportable improvement endeavors to limit ozone harming substances, lessen a worldwide temperature alteration, save natural assets, and give networks that permit individuals to arrive at their fullest possibilities. In the field of Architecture, manageable advancement likewise has been known as supportable plan, green engineering, eco-structure, eco-accommodating design, earth-accommodating design, ecological design, and normal engineering. The Brundtland Report In December 1983, Dr. Gro Harlem Brundtland, a doctor and the principal lady Prime Minister of Norway, was approached to seat a United Nations commission to address a worldwide motivation for change. Brundtland has gotten known as the mother of manageability since the 1987 arrival of the report, Our Common Future. In it, manageable advancement was characterized and turned into the premise of numerous worldwide activities. Reasonable improvement is advancement which addresses the issues of the present without trading off the capacity of people in the future to meet their own needs....In quintessence, manageable advancement is a procedure of progress wherein the misuse of assets, the bearing of speculations, the direction of innovative turn of events; and institutional change are all in amicability and upgrade both present and future potential to address human issues and goals.- Our Common Future, United Nations World Commission on Environment and Development, 1987 Supportability in the Built Environment At the point when individuals develop things, numerous procedures happen to realize the plan. The objective of an economical structure venture is to utilize materials and procedures that will have little effect on the kept working of the earth. For instance, utilizing nearby structure materials and neighborhood workers restricts the contamination impacts of transportation. Non-contaminating development practices and enterprises ought to have little damage on the land, ocean, and air. Securing characteristic territories and remediating disregarded or sullied scenes can turn around harms brought about by past ages. Any assets utilized ought to have an arranged substitution. These are qualities of supportable turn of events. Modelers ought to indicate materials that don't hurt nature at any phase of their life cycle - from first assembling to end-of-utilization reusing. Characteristic, bio-degradable, and reused constructing materials are turning out to be increasingly normal. Designers are going to sustainable hotspots for water and sustainable power sources, for example, sun oriented and wind. Green design and eco-accommodating structure rehearses advance manageable turn of events, as do walkable networks, and blended use networks that join private and business exercises - angles of Smart Growth and the New Urbanism. In their Illustrated Guidelines on Sustainability, the U.S. Branch of the Interior proposes that memorable structures are themselves regularly intrinsically feasible on the grounds that they have endured to stand the trial of time. This doesn't imply that they can't be updated and preserved. Adaptive reuse of more established structures and the general utilization of reused design rescue are additionally naturally economical procedures. In engineering and plan, the accentuation of maintainable advancement is on the preservation of ecological assets. In any case, the idea of maintainable improvement is frequently widened to incorporate the assurance and advancement of HR. Networks established on standards of manageable advancement may endeavor to give rich instructive assets, profession improvement openings, and social administrations. Joined Nations economical improvement objectives are comprehensive. Joined Nations Goals The United Nations General Assembly embraced a goals on September 25, 2015 that set 17 objectives for all countries to make progress toward by 2030. In this goals, the idea of supportable advancement has been extended a long ways past what draftsmen, creators, and urban organizers have concentrated on - in particular Goal 11 in this list.â Each of these objectives have focuses on that energize overall cooperation: Objective 1. End neediness; 2. End hunger; 3. Great sound lives; 4. Quality instruction and long lasting learning; 5. Sexual orientation balance; 6 Clean water and sanitation; 7. Reasonable clean vitality; 8. Good work; 9. Flexible foundation; 10. Decrease imbalance; 11. Make urban communities and human settlements comprehensive, sheltered, versatile and supportable; 12. Capable utilization; 13. Battle environmental change and its effects; 14. Ration and economically use seas and oceans; 15. Oversee woodlands and end biodiversity misfortune; 16. Advance tranquil and comprehensive social orders; 17. Fortify and rejuvenate worldwide association. Indeed, even before the U.N.s Goal 13, designers understood that the urban constructed condition is liable for the greater part of the universes non-renewable energy source utilization and ozone depleting substance emanations. Design 2030 set this test for engineers and manufacturers - All new structures, improvements, and significant remodels will be carbon-unbiased by 2030. Instances of Sustainable Development Australian modeler Glenn Murcutt is regularly held up as an engineer who rehearses supportable plan. His undertakings are produced for and put on locales that have been read for their common components of downpour, wind, sun, and earth. For instance, the top of the Magney House was planned explicitly to catch water for use inside the structure. The Villages of Loreto Bay in Loreto Bay, Mexico was advanced as a model of reasonable turn of events. The people group professed to deliver more vitality than it expended and more water than it utilized. In any case, pundits charged that designers claims were exaggerated. The people group in the end endured money related difficulties. Different people group with sincere goals, for example, Playa Vista in Los Angeles, have had comparable battles. Increasingly fruitful private undertakings are the grassroots Ecovillages being assembled everywhere throughout the world. The Global Ecovillage Network (GEN) characterizes an ecovillage as a deliberate or conventional network utilizing neighborhood participatory procedures to comprehensively coordinate biological, financial, social, and social components of manageability so as to recover social and indigenous habitats. One of the most acclaimed is EcoVillage Ithaca, helped to establish by Liz Walker. At long last, one of the most renowned examples of overcoming adversity is the change of a disregarded region of London into the Olympic Park for the London 2012 summer Olympic Games. From 2006 until 2012 the Olympic Delivery Authority made by British Parliament supervised the administration ordered manageability venture. Maintainable improvement is best when governments work with the private part to get things going. With help from the open part, private vitality organizations like Solarpark Rodens will be bound to put their sustainable power source photovoltaic boards where sheep may securely grazeâ -existing together on the land. Sources Our Common Future (The Brundtland Report), 1987, un-documents.net/our-regular future.pdf [accessed May 30, 2016]What is an Ecovillage? The Global Ecovillage Network, http://gen.ecovillage.org/en/article/what-ecovillage [accessed May 30, 2016]Transforming our reality: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, The Division for Sustainable Development (DSD), United Nations, https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/post2015/transformingourworld [accessed November 19, 2017]Architecture 2030, http://architecture2030.org/[accessed November 19, 2017]

Is There a Cure for Panic Disorder

Is There a Cure for Panic Disorder Panic Disorder Treatment Print Treatment Options to Help Manage Panic Disorder By Katharina Star, PhD facebook linkedin Katharina Star, PhD, is an expert on anxiety and panic disorder. Dr. Star is a professional counselor, and she is trained in creative art therapies and mindfulness. Learn about our editorial policy Katharina Star, PhD Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on November 20, 2019 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD on November 20, 2019 PeopleImages / Getty Images   More in Panic Disorder Treatment Symptoms Diagnosis Coping Related Conditions People with panic disorder frequently want to know if there is any technique or medication that can completely rid them of symptoms. The truth is that panic disorder can never be entirely cured.?? However, it can be effectively managed to the point that it no longer significantly impairs your life. One reason why no one can claim to have a cure is that panic disorder varies greatly from person to person. What works for one panic suffer may not be effective at all for another. Even though there is not a magic bullet to wipe out every case of panic, through treatment, patience, and persistence, you can find what methods help you handle this disorder. Listed below are the most common approaches for coping with panic disorder. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy A mental health professional can assist you in developing ways to change your thinking and behaviors that allow  for lasting relief. There are different types of psychotherapy that have been shown to be helpful in panic disorder. One of these is cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), a therapeutic method that includes learning ways to relax, change unhelpful thinking patterns, manage stress, and increase self-confidence in an effort to cope with panic disorder.?? Progressive or gradual exposure is another CBT technique used by therapists to slowly introduce a patient to their fears and panic followed by teaching them to relax while they experience anxiety. For example, if your panic is induced by driving cars on the freeway, your therapist may have you begin by simply imaging cars driving on s freeway. You will then be instructed to keep this image in mind as he or she guides you into noticing your tension. Get Support With the 9 Best Online Therapy Programs This focus on uneasy feelings is followed by guided attention to relaxing the body and mind all while keeping the worrisome image in mind.?? Over a number of sessions, the therapist will progressively increase your exposure to your fear, such as visualizing yourself driving on the freeway, to actually being a passenger in a car on the freeway, to eventually driving the car yourself. While moving step-by-step through these phases, you will continue to learn how to remain calm and manage feelings of panic. Be sure to speak openly and honestly with your therapist or mental health professional, as this will help her/him in understanding your symptoms in order to help you progress. Panic Disorder Discussion Guide Get our printable guide to help you ask the right questions at your next doctors appointment. Download PDF Self-Help There are numerous self-help resources out there that address issues related to anxiety and panic disorder. These guides are intended to provide you with information on ways to manage panic on your own.?? Typical self-help strategies include: Relaxation techniques, such as stretching and deep breathingPositive affirmations and self-talkCreating peaceful and reassuring visualizationsJournaling and other writing exercisesUsing creative art methods to express feelingsProper nutrition and exerciseTransforming one’s negative belief system to more constructive and optimistic viewsLifestyle recommendations, such as getting enough sleep and limiting the use of caffeine Medication Treating panic disorder with medication is often recommended when symptoms persist despite one’s best efforts to control them through therapy and self-help strategies. Medication may also be suggested when panic disorder has become so extreme that it impacts someones functioning. Medical professionals, such as a family physician or psychiatrist, will typically prescribe an antidepressant for panic disorder.?? A class of antidepressants known as Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors, or SSRIs, are usually prescribed. These SSRI’s include Prozac  (fluoxetine), Zoloft  (sertraline), Paxil  (paroxetine), and Celexa  (citalopram). They can relieve feelings of anxiety and can reduce any depression symptoms, which often coexists with panic disorder. Naturally, these medications will have some drawbacks. Some common side effects include  sexual dysfunction, gastrointestinal and sleep issues. If you are considering antidepressants, be sure to review the possible side-effects and potential concerns with your doctor. Antidepressants can take up to several weeks to start working and they should not be discontinued abruptly. When you are ready to discontinue use, your doctor will need to slowly take you off of the prescription by steadily decreasing your dosage. Benzodiazepines tranquilizers are another class of drugs that are also used to ease anxiety and alleviate panic.?? Xanax  (alprazolam), Ativan  (lorazepam) and Klonopin  (clonazepam) are frequently prescribed for panic sufferers to provide an immediate reduction in anxiety symptoms. There is some potential for abuse with these medications. Such medications are also recognized to potentially lead to physical dependence if they are taken over a long enough period of time. Overall, there is not one approach that will work for everyone. Give different methods a try to determine what works for you. Even though there is not a cure, you can still experience long-term improvements by finding the right combination of treatment that is effective for you. How Panic Disorder Is Diagnosed

Business Environment Assignment Where Are We Headed - 275 Words

Business Environment Assignment: Where Are We Headed (Essay Sample) Content: Where are we headed?Name:Institution:IntroductionThe business environment is rapidly changing and businesses have to be prepared for some of the biggest challenges yet to come. According to Nonaka (2007), there are a number of challenges that business entities will have to contend with in the coming years and for that reason, business entities willing to remain relevant will have to innovate to address these challenges.According to Drucker (1985), the biggest challenge that businesses will face in the coming years is meeting the increasing customer expectation, competition and the need to create distinction in the marketplace so that customers can tell the difference between companies. Ignatius (2017) asserts that technology and the internet has killed the hype. Nobody will really care about what companies will say anymore, be it online or advertising as recent customer research indicates that buyers will be only going online to check product reviews before making pur chases.Drucker (1985) argues that to address the aforementioned challenges, business entities will have to master the art of change or innovation. Companies that challenge themselves to come with new ways of improving will survive. Business entities who master the art of providing great customer experience, such as meeting the ever changing customer expectations will win the sale. Without innovating, organizations risk closing business to some of the most competitive business entities within their surroundings.ConclusionThe business environment is chall...

The Impact Of Social Media On Business Objectives

The use of social media to support business objectives is already a popular strategy among business organizations, especially those that recognize social media has a useful tool for establishing and maintaining profitable relations with the market. However, it is interesting to note that business representations in traditional media, such as magazines, could be different from business representations in the social media. Such differences in representation put emphasis on how the features of social media impose certain requirements that businesses need to effectively satisfy, such as the requirement on maintaining engaging communication with the target market. This report evaluates the representations of Valentino, and compares such†¦show more content†¦In Vogue magazine, the reader is simply presented with text and images that directly come from the company, based on what the company wants to show to the target customer. For example, Valentino shows off its rights, such as h andbags and sunglasses in ways that have been stylized and designed based on the corporate ideals of the firm. The representations of the company in the social media are similar because the company also provides images and textual information about its products. For example, on Twitter, the company frequently shares images of its products, such as handbags and dresses. However, the representations of the company on the social media are significantly different from its representations in bold magazine. For example, in the social media, the company actually uses considerable amounts of information coming from various sources. For example, on Twitter, the company retweets information coming from other Twitter users. One could easily find Valentino retweeting tweets from other users like MatchesFashion.com and Grazia_Live, and even individual customers like Rosario Dawson. In this regard, while the company uses mainly company-sponsored information in representing itself through the traditional media like Vogue magazine, the company uses information from other companies and individual people in addition to company-sponsored information on the social media, especially Twitter. This is

The Dinosaurs and Prehistoric Animals of Arkansas

Outline and assess the view that the role of education...

Outline and assess the view that the role of education system is to justify and reproduce social inequalities (50) The view that the role of educations system is to justify and reproduce social inequalities is one from a Marxist perspective. They believe that capitalism creates inequality and allows those with wealth to keep theirs. Bowles and Gintis argue that there is a very close relationship between education and work. This is called the correspondence principle. Bowles and Gintis argue that in a capitalist society they are known to give children different types of education based on the class than on their actual ability. Meaning that schools will give working class children a different type of education in comparison to middle†¦show more content†¦Children at these schools are more likely to be taught to be more in command of the situation that they are in. Bowles and Gintis also reject the idea that the education is meritocratic, and providing equal opportunities for everybody. Middle class children will gain high qualifications and receive higher pad jobs because of their ability but also through their large quantities of cultural capital. Whereas working class children may not have the same opportunities to receive cultural capital this creating inequalities within the education system, much like the class system. This is called cultural reproduction. Bourdieu believes that education reproduces the culture and class system. It shows the importance of the upper class culture and therefore reinforces the power those have over the working class. They are allowed to do this by basing the education system off cultural capital, whilst the culture that the working class children are receiving is not on the education system and therefore they lose interest. Bourdieu believes that education has been developed by the bourgeoisie and therefore the working class have never had any real ownership on the education system they are forced to be a part of. However functionalists believe that the education institution is there and built for a reason, that it affects and benefits both theShow MoreRelatedRacism and Ethnic Discrimination44667 Words   |  179 PagesDevaluation of local knowledge 43 5.3.7 Reproduction of racism in artistic production 43 5.4 Manifestations of ethnic discrimination in the social sphere 43 5.4.1 Lack of socio-demographic information 44 5.4.2 Social exclusion 45 5.4.3 Discrimination in health care 45 5.4.4 Discrimination in churches 46 5.4.5 Discrimination in education 47 5.4.6 Discrimination in processes promoted by international cooperation agencies and development aid 48 5.4.7 Discrimination through theRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesand provides an advanced introduction to the heterogeneous study of organizations, including chapters on phenomenology, critical theory and psychoanalysis. 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It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide in Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto With oYces in Argentina Austria Brazil Chile Czech Republic France GreeceRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 Pagesyou your students need to get started www.wileyplus.com/firstday Student support from an experienced student user Ask your local representative for details! Collaborate with your colleagues, find a mentor, attend virtual and live events, and view resources www.WhereFacultyConnect.com Pre-loaded, ready-to-use assignments and presentations www.wiley.com/college/quickstart Technical Support 24/7 FAQs, online chat, and phone support www.wileyplus.com/support Your WileyPLUS Account ManagerRead MoreStrategic Marketing Management337596 Words   |  1351 Pagesprovisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 or under the terms of a licence issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London, England W1T 4LP. Applications for the copyright holder’s written permission to reproduce any part of this publication should be addressed to the publisher Permissions may be sought directly from Elsevier’s Science Technology Rights Department in Oxford, UK: phone: ( 44) 1865 843830, fax: ( 44) 1865 853333, e-mail: permissions@elsevierRead MoreAcca F5111177 Words   |  445 Pagespublication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of BPP Learning Media Ltd. Published by BPP Learning Media Ltd BPP House, Aldine Place London W12 8AA www.bpp.com/learningmedia Printed in the United Kingdom We are grateful to the Association of Chartered Certified Accountants for permission to reproduce past examination questions. The suggested solutionsRead MoreQuality Improvement328284 Words   |  1314 Pagesnumber of trees cut each year does not exceed the amount of new growth. This book is printed on acid-free paper. Copyright  © 2009 by John Wiley Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except as permitted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission

Comparison of the Greek Religion in the Iliad to Christianity

Comparison of the Greek Religion in the Iliad to Christianity Throughout the Iliad of Homer there can be seen many features of the Greek religion. The features of religion that appear throughout this epic poem are those that existed during the time of Homer. By taking a better look at theses main features it can be seen that they are similar to those of Christianity today. Some of the existing main features of both are the following: the belief in gods or God, prayer, sacrifice, and funeral rites. However, despite these similarities, each feature is observed differently by the two religions. The Greeks in the Iliad believe in many gods. Each god has a specific â€Å"power† or â€Å"gift† that is known by people. Zeus is the†¦show more content†¦Christians, unlike the Greeks of Homer’s time, believe in one God Almighty (Genesis 17: 1-4). He is seen as divine entity, who knows all and sees all. In this aspect he is definitely not seen by Christians as having any human characteristics, like the gods of the Iliad are seen by the Greeks. Like the Greek gods, the Christian God too had a mortal son. To Christians he is known as Jesus, and was sent to earth by God (John 3: 1-2). Like a mortal he was able to die. However, unlike a regular mortal, Christians see his death as a symbol of salvation. They believe that he has died for their sins, therefore saving the Christian people. Although the Christians worship only one God, they see him as three people. This includes God the Father, God the Son, and God the Holy Spirit. In the Iliad of Homer mortals make requests to the gods through verbal prayer. The gods often answer and speak back to the mortals. This can be seen when Chryses prays to Apollo (1.35-42). He is praying to request assistance from the god. He needs help getting his daughter Chryseis back. The god verbally speaks back to Chryses. He then answers his prayer by physically sending a deadly plague throughout the Achaian camp, killing hundreds of the troops. As can be seen through this example, the Greeks in the Iliad had actual one on one conversations with a god during time of prayer.Show MoreRelatedThe Song Of Roland And The Iliad933 Words   |  4 Pages The Song of Roland and The Iliad are both epics that represent the cultural viewpoints of medieval France, and Ancient Greece, respectively. The Song of Roland, based on historical fact, details the heroism of one of Charlemagne’s knights, Roland, when fighting against an overwhelming force of foreigners to defend the rear of Charlemagne’s army. In comparison, The Iliad accounts the triumphs of Achilles during the mythical Trojan Wars to win possession over the beauty of Helen. Despite similaritiesRead More Essay on Christianity vs. Greek Mythology1309 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout many ages religion has been a very important part of history. It shaped many cultures and allowed us to better understand many civilizations. Two of these cultures are those of the Christians and Greeks. Both have similarities and differences in their religious beliefs that have been compared often and I have chosen to discuss the similarities and differences of Christianity and ancient Greek mythology. Christianity is a monotheistic religion, or belief in only one God, and spiritualRead MoreSacred Places1504 Words   |  7 Pagesthat to the faithful and those who take the myth on faith , see as true, sacred and unquestioned. For those who do not see myths as religion and the lore and stories in it mere stories , events and elements in it are curiously close to the beliefs and persuasive elements of the philosophies or religion the person follows. Take for example current world religions - elements of god, evil, goodness, light, dark, motherhood, piety, divine appointment, determinism - they are all part of the PantheonRead MoreDeath Of The Ancient World2949 Words   |  12 Pages Yet we all must come face to face with death in some way or another. The whole process of losing a loved one and taking care of the remains made me wonder why we honor the dead the way we do. Why do we bury them or burn them? What dictates that religion, environment, culture? What is the point of doing anything at all for the dead? To honor their memory or ease the pain for those left behind? Death in the ancient world held a deeper meaning than it does today, in the ancient world they look outRead MoreThe Concept of God in The Iliad by Homer Essay1214 Words   |  5 PagesThe Concept of God in The Iliad by Homer The American Heritage Dictionary defines a god as 1. A being conceived as the perfect, omnipotent, omniscient ruler and originator of the universe, the principal object of faith and worship in monotheist religions. 2. A being of supernatural powers, believed in and worshiped by a people.(360) I believe the first definition reflects Modern Americas connotation of the word god. The latter definition recalls the Ancient Greco-Sumerian ideal of a beingRead MoreAlexander the Great Essay13163 Words   |  53 PagesALEXANDER THE GREAT BY: JOHN J. POPOVIC CATEGORY: HISTORY – GREEK HISTORY ALEXANDER THE GREAT ΑÎ »ÃŽ µÃŽ ¾ÃŽ ±ÃŽ ½ÃŽ ´Ã ÃŽ ¿ÃÆ' ÃŽ  ÃŽ ·ÃŽ ¹ÃŽ »ÃŽ ¹Ãâ‚¬Ãâ‚¬ÃŽ ¿Ãâ€¦ ÃŽÅ"ÃŽ ±ÃŽ ºÃŽ µÃŽ ´ÃŽ ¿ÃŽ ½ÃŽ ¿ÃŽ ½, Alexander the Invincible, later renamed by the Romans, Alexandros Philippou Makedonon, Alexander III the Great of Macedon (356-323 B.C.) PROJECT by John J. Popovic Alexander accomplished greater deeds than any other ruler before or after him. This project is dedicated to the most charismatic and heroic king of all times. Edition 9.2 SYNOPSIS Introduction AlexandersRead MoreChildrens Literature13219 Words   |  53 Pages1. Introduction 3 2. Early History 6 The Greek and Roman Eras: 50 B.C.-A.D. 500 6 The Middle Ages: 500-1500 6 The Renaissance: 1500-1650 7 The Rise of Puritanism and John Locke: Late 1600s 8 3. Beginning of Children’s Literature: Late 1700s 10 4. Fairy and Folk Tales 12 The Golden Age of Children’s Literature: Late 1800s 12 5. Victorian Childrens Literature 16 6. Contemporary Childrens Literature 18 6. Analysis of Harry Potters’ series 21 7. Conclusion 30 8. Summary 31 Children’s Literature Definitions

The Downside Risk of Best College Paper Writing Service That No One Is Talking About

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Accommodation Management of Pullman hotels - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about the Accommodation Management of Pullman hotels. Answer: Background Pullman hotels and resorts is a group that has 5-star rated hotels all over the world. Staying at the Pullman is like an experience in itself as most of the hotels are an exquisite example of luxury and comfort. The hotel that is going to be discussed in this assignment is Pullman Sydney Hyde Park. The place is established in 2010, situated in 36 College Street,Sydney,NSW. The hotel is perfect for both business as well as leisure as there are not only contemporarily designed rooms for the guests there are also conference rooms and business centers facilities. The location is perfect for the guests as the most of the tourist attractions of Sydney is situated nearby and it is also close to the airport as well, this makes the location of the hotel perfect for the guests. There are 241 rooms and suites, which are well equipped with commodities which will add to the convenience of the guests. There are also special executive accommodation for the people who want to book for business purpo ses. There are seven conference or function rooms and the largest conference room can accommodate up to 250 people and there are also provisions for hosting an outdoor event. The conference rooms are all loaded with latest technology to facilitate conferences and meetings. The group of Pullman hotels is owned by the Accorhotels group (Pullmansydneyhydepark.com.au2018). Roles of housekeeping department The quality of housekeeping is one of the most important aspects that are inspected by a visitor before checking into a hotel. On research, it was found the major issues of customer dissatisfactions were related to the housekeeping department. If the customers were dissatisfied with the housekeeping department then there is high chance of them not coming back or recommending to others. Despite of the tremendous cost incurred in the operations or the housekeeping department it was found that the efforts were not enough to please the customers. Majority of operations are involved in this particular department (Wood 2017). These operations require both finance and human resource. In other words, it can be said that the housekeeping department needs to coordinate with the finance as well as the human resource department for its daily operations. It is the responsibility of the department to achieve 100 percent efficiency. The role of the workforce and the entire department is to ensure t hat the standards of cleanliness are maintained in all the areas where the customers move. They provide linen to all the rooms, dining area, guest lounge and waiting areas (Wood 2017). They ensure that all the staff members get clean uniforms. They are accountable for the laundry requirements of hotel linen, uniform of the staffs and clothing of the guest. They take care of the decorations of the entire hotel. The housekeeping department Pullman Sydney Hyde Park takes the responsibility of renovation and refurnishing the property after seeking proper consultation from the management and interior designers. They take the responsibility of providing training to all the staffs of the hotel. They coordinate with other departments of the hotel for carrying out the daily operations (Wood 2017). Tasks of Housekeeping department at Pullman Sydney Hyde Park Providing necessary supplies to the rooms Mopping, cleaning and setting up the basic requirement for the guests Cleaning and the washrooms and the bathrooms Arranging the rooms Decorations of the rooms and customer areas Cleaning the windows and the glass Linen and Laundry services (Yildiz2015) The functions of housekeeping department Basic functions- The housing department takes responsibility to keep the venue clean and maintain proper sanitation as it determines the service quality. There is fitness center, Jacuzzi, sauna facilities in the hotel where sanitation and hygiene is of utmost importance and this is taken care by this department. They use department with the vacuum cleaners for cleaning clean the rugs, carpets in the rooms, hallways and dining area. They dust the furniture of the hallways, public areas and rooms of the guests. Their duty is collect trash from the rooms (Wood 2017). They ensure that the trash cans of the entire hotel are emptied. The bed sheets are changed. It is there responsibility of the housecleaning checks the supplies of the guests, toiletries and toilet paper are to be placed whenever there is requirement. They provide room services to the guests. They cater the special needs and requests of the customers (Walker 2016). The restaurant and the lounge area have different set of staffs as they are not responsible for cleaning these areas. The housekeeping department also assists the audiovisual team in setting up the requirements of the client during a meeting or conference. Supervisory functions The first line supervisors take the charge for organizing and coordination of cleaning related activities. They identify the areas that is required to be attended they also keep track with the reception to find out the guests who are leaving to keep the rooms ready for the next person who checks in (Pullmansydneyhydepark.com.au2018). They maintain coordination in all the activities also with the other departments of the hotel. It requires proper scheduling. The first line of the managers under the supervisory functions assigns tasks to the staffs. The supervisors of the housekeeping department ensure that all the necessary equipment of the housekeeping department like the vacuum cleaners and floor polishers are properly maintained. One of the main responsibilities of the managers is to see that all the expectations of the customers are met (Nayak et al. 2016). They resolve issues and address the issues faced by the guests with proper solutions. Management Functions As Pullman is a 5-star rated hotel there is a prominent housekeeping management department who are in charge of the staffs working in the department from an administrative perspective. The managers of the housekeeping department of Pullman Sydney Hyde Park take care of the procurement of the resources. They plan budgets and allocate resources for carrying out the operations. They set the housekeeping standards and make sure that the set standards are followed. They provide training to new recruits. Managers conduct in-service sessions where they communicate the company policies, procedures, strategies, goals and objectives of the organization. They also train the staffs so that they can effectively and efficiently use the equipment. They track the inventory of the supplies; they maintain payroll record and make the budget of the department. They also prepare sales, expense and occupancy reports. They boost the morale of the employees. Above all they ensure that the safety procedures are obeyed (Mensah and Dei Mensah 2013). Role of the Guests The needs and the requirements of the customers are the prime focus of the housekeeping department. In order to satisfy the customers the management tries hard to take all the necessary steps to fulfill the needs of the customers. They maintain and clean the room so that there are less complains from the customers. Clean rooms, organized beds, shiny furniture, soothing ambience and jovial room service staffs will definitely make the guests happy. If the customers are not satisfied they are bound to shift to some other hotel that might provide them better services. If the guests are, happy they will definitely come again and if they are not happy, they will not come again. The role of the customers is simple as their satisfaction level determines the growth of the hotel. The hotel will have profit in the future or not. If the rooms and services are not up to the mark, they will give bad reviews and the word of mouth that will act in negatively for Pullman. The guests of the hotel have been giving reviews about the hotel that it is not providing quality services. This has led to reduction in the sale of the rooms and fall in sales. Happy and satisfied guests will bring more guests. They will give good rating to the hotel. Customers play an important role but all depends on the quality of services that the hotel provides (Roberts and Shea 2017). Initiatives taken by Pullman Sydney Hyde Park for creating positive Impact The housekeeping manager of Pullman Sydney Hyde Park monitors the rooms to ensure that they are presentable. They ensure that the sheets, curtains, blankets and the other necessary linen are clean. The supervisors of the housekeeping department instruct, train and mentor the subordinates and the new hires to provide to be attentive to the needs of the customers. There are a few staffs that have knowledge of many foreign languages like, French, German and Russian so that the international guests do not face problem in communicating. Interior decorations, flowers and lightings are replaced timely. The ambience of the hotel has been made soothing with the use of beautiful lightings, light music and a fresh odor. The staffs of the hotel behave politely as they are told and trained. They are trained to be patient and attentive as it puts a good impression on the guests. The toiletries provided are of good quality and clean towels are also provided to the guests considering their hygiene a nd health. Room service is delivered to the guests within 30 minutes of time it has been requested. Special requests of the guests are always entertained. Bathrooms are always kept clean. The hotel carries out the pest control timely. Viability of outsourcing in the housekeeping department The housekeeping department has the maximum number of operational activities. The nature of the operational activities is such that it is both capital as well as labor intensive. This department has maximum number of staffs working at different shifts. In order to reduce cost and increase operational efficiency outsourcing can be an option that is implemented by the company. Pullman Sydney Hyde Park is one of the many hotels in the chain of Pullman hotels and resort and such management decisions are taken by the central managerial positions of the company (Espino-Rodrguez and Lai 2014). If the company wants to outsource housekeeping they have to include third parties like laundry services, cleaning services, window cleaning services etc. The Pullman Sydney Hyde Park already has a strong housekeeping department and it will not be a good idea to outsource the services for a brand name like Pullman hotels (Pullmansydneyhydepark.com.au2018). As a multinational company the hotel the organisation already has a goodwill and reputation in the industry and is also listed as one of the best hotels in Australia by many bloggers and websites. If a service as important and as significant as housekeeping is outsourced a large part of the reputation will be dependent on the third party. As long as the cost of operation is concerned the hotel chain have a good turnover to accommodate own housekeeping department (Espino-Rodrguez and Lai 2014). Benefits of outsourcing in housekeeping department It provides access to latest technologies The training costs are reduced Risk of mismanagement is reduced Outsourcing helps in reduction of capital expenses The business can shift their focus to internal business improvement The strategic positioning of the business is improved The hotel can get rid of problem functions (Hassanain et al. 2015) Limitations of outsourcing housekeeping services Communication problem are bound to arise when housekeeping services are outsourced. They sense of responsibility is less There would be coordination problems with other departments of the hotel. The hotel would be taking a risk by outsourcing the housekeeping services because there are chances that the performance delivered would not be as expected (Ambardar and Raheja 2017). Outsourcing can often become a major issue for conflict so there are chances that conflict might arise. It is viable for Pullman hotels to outsource their housekeeping services but it is not advisable to do so (Pullmansydneyhydepark.com.au2018). Recommendations Few issues might be faced by the hotel if they outsource housekeeping services. The management of the hotel requires training the outsourced employees. Proper communication needs to be maintained to avoid mismanagement and conflicts. The outsourced company is required to be made aware of the mission and goals of the hotel. References Ambardar, A. and Raheja, K., 2017. Occupational Safety and Health of Hotel Housekeeping Employees: A Comparative Study.International Journal of Hospitality Tourism Systems,Vol. 10, no. 2. Espino-Rodrguez, T.F. and Lai, P.C., 2014. Activity outsourcing and competitive strategy in the hotel industry. The moderator role of asset specificity.International Journal of Hospitality Management,Vol.42, pp.9-19. Hassanain, M.A., Assaf, S., Al-Hammad, A.M. and Al-Nehmi, A., 2015. A multi-criteria decision making model for outsourcing maintenance services.Facilities, Vol.33, no.3/4, pp.229-244. Mensah, I. and Dei Mensah, R., 2013.Management of tourism and hospitality services. Xlibris Corporation. Nayak, N.P., Pai, A., Prabhu, N. and Khurana, A., 2016. Managers Perspective on Hotel Outsourcing Services. Pullmansydneyhydepark.com.au.2018.Home Page.Retrieved from https://www.pullmansydneyhydepark.com.au/ Roberts, C. and Shea, L.J., 2017. A Theory of Lodging: Exploring Hotel Guest Behavior.Journal of Hospitality Tourism Research,Vol.41, no. 4,pp.389-392. Sa, M.L.L. and Chai, Y.K., 2015. Knowledge Creation Process: Evidence from the Accommodation Industry.The International Journal of Business Management,Vol. 3, no. 3, p.303. Walker, J.R., 2016.Introduction to hospitality. Pearson Higher Ed. Wood, R.C. ed., 2017.Hotel Accommodation Management. Routledge. Yildiz, ., 2015. Internal Communication Function and Hotel ProductivityA Comparative Study.American International Journal of Contemporary Research,Vol.5, no.3, pp.45-54.

Brand Familiarity Satisfaction Evaluations MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Brand Familiarity for Satisfaction Evaluations. Answer: Introduction In current trend, each and every person is engaged with the buying and consumption process and those persons are consumers. The consumer behavior can be described as the actions and related activities of the customers who are involved in buying and consuming the goods and services. It includes both physical as well as mental actions. In the simple words, consumer behavior describes the decisions of the consumers in terms of consumption, purchasing and disposition of the products and services and the time and idea of decision making process. The understanding of the consumer behavior is helpful to understand the various market segments and the strategies to effect penetration in these markets (Mooradian, Matzler Ring, 2012). Along with this, it is also helpful in analyzing the gaps and solving the daily problems of the customers in purchasing. The consumer behavior and consumer decision making process are affected by the various number of factors. There are some personal influences w hich affect the purchasing decisions of the consumers. There are internal factors which are known as personal influences of the customers. The factors include motivation, attitude, lifestyle, perception, roles and learning. These internal factors impact on the purchasing decisions of the customers (Ferrell Hartline, 2011). The internal factors and influences generally depend upon the lifestyles and way of thinking of the customers. These are basically personal thoughts, self concepts, attitude, lifestyle, feelings, memory and motivation and thoughts of the customers. The internal factors can be known as psychological influences of the consumers. These factors reveal the way by which customers identify their feelings develop ideas and beliefs and take some actions. The aim of this report is to identify the two influences which affect the consumer decision making. Further, the aim is to describe the implementation of individual influences by a company to improve the marketing strategies (Lindgreen, 2010). The aim of this report is to analyze the impact of consumers internal factors on their buying and consumption behavior towards the specific products or services. For the discussion, the famous company Starbucks has taken. This report analyzes how Starbucks made the use consumers internal forces to achieve in the market and to achieve high customer base. To understand the mind status of the customers, the fast food chain or stores are beneficial to analyze. The customers who order for coffee have the option of choosing regular, large or extra large. This is the similar case of Starbucks, the company has introduced Trenta cup of coffee which is costlier as compared to the normal coffee (Starbucks Corporation, 2017). The company has to understand various internal and external factors while launching this new type of product in the market. There are many psychological factors which are involved in the consumer decision making process in the market i.e. understanding the needs of the cust omers, choosing various alternatives to satisfy those needs, making final decision about product or service etc. in present time, consumers gather data, devise plan, and focus on that before making purchases for the specific product (Hajarrahmah, 2011). So, there is the need of effective marketing messages to appeal and understand the customers who in turn will value and mean the product and services. In case of Starbucks coffee, consumers may have various opinions having some information about the different aspects of the product. These aspects and the perception of the customers based on these aspects, the customers decide how they will perceive the product. All these factors affect the marketing strategy of Starbucks to promote the coffee among the consumers (Solano Arquiza, 2009). Consumer needs Motivation The consumer needs and motivation are inter-connected. The market researchers agree that every human has some basic needs and needs turn into different wants and then resulting into various motives. Each and every customer is different and unique to each other so it is important for the marketers to understand the different needs of the customers and provide appropriate product and services based on their requirements (D'Souza, 2010). Consumer motivation can be considered as the drive to satisfy the various needs and wants of the customers by the purchasing and consumption of the products. Basically, customers are motivated by many things in the market. So, motivation can be defined as the driven force which impels the individuals to the action. It is a goal oriented behavior which is based on various theories. There is the model of motivational process and by following the motivational process, individual can get properly motivated (Michael, 2013). It is understood that buying motives push the customers towards buying products and goods in the market. The inner motives of the customers direct them to behave for the particular product or service. Motivation is the inner striving condition which can be described as desires, wishes, drives and needs. Consumer purchase any kind of project based on certain economic or mental forces which create wants and desires and those can be satisfied by the products offered for purchase. There are many theorizes of motivation which reveal the importance of motivation in the consumer buying process. The Maslow Hierarchy of needs is the famous theory of motivation which depicts the importance of motivation based on various human needs. This theory is based on various motivation training exercises (Hornik Giulia, 2009). Biological and Psychological needs- These needs include thirst, hunger, sleep etc. these are the most basic needs of the human and other needs are have no importance until these needs are not satisfied. In the basic needs, food clothes and shelter are most popular. Safety needs- These needs include the protection from the accidents i.e. financial security and family stability. These needs are for social and economic security rather than physical safety. Belongingness needs- This is the need for the various relations in the society. it is full of clubs, family associations and religious organizations. These needs are based on the desire of love, group acceptance, affiliation and identification. Esteem needs- It includes the high evaluation of self and esteem of others in the society. Fulfillment of these needs provide the self-confidence. These needs are basically related to the feeling of usefulness and accomplishment of the customers. Self-actualization needs- This is considered as the highest level of needs. It means identifying the potentials and achieving them. In simple words, it is the need to achieve maximum capabilities by the individuals. Further, there are some more theories of motivation which explain the importance motivation in the buying process of the consumers. Those theories are cognitive theory, psychoanalytic theory and Gestalt theory. According to these theories, by the motivation, customers are able to develop a purchasing behavior in the market. Motivation is the expression of the need which is important to satisfy by the required product or service. The level of motivation affects the buying behavior of the customers. Based on the various needs of the individuals, motives take place to seek the satisfaction. So, motivation is directly connected to the various needs and can be defined in the various stages in the buying and decision process of the consumers. The purchasing motivation is helpful is helpful in increasing sales, and encouraging the customers to purchase the products and services. Motivation is the crucial factor which is helpful in deciding the market strategy of the specific product such as coffee at Starbucks. There are some customers who are naturally motivated for comparing the prices of the products at various places. Every person is influenced or motivated by various perspectives. Many customers are motivated by their relatives and friends on what coffee to drink. Basically, motivation is considered as the motive behind the attitude and perception itself. For the product such as the Trenta cup of coffee in Starbucks, efficient marketing strategy plays an important role in the purchasing decision process based on the motivation and attitude of the consumers (Stvkov et al, 2007). There are the needs to be sense of urgency in the advertisements and promotional activities with the attractive offers and coupons. Along with this, consumers can also be motivated by offering and implementing the discount programs (Cadogan, 2009). These kinds of programs enable the customers to use the Starbucks credit card, to avail cash back on the purchasing and redeem the rewards points to make further purchasing. By this approach, Starbucks is able to motivate the customers and gain the customer loyalty for long term basis. Customers of the Starbucks are motivated for drinking coffee because of adding value and developing a strong by the customer card services. Starbucks is much known about the impact of the external factors such as demography, culture and society. So, company is focused on the importance of the internal factors such as perception, motivation and attitudes. Starbucks is focused on meeting all the needs and requirements of the customers by the effective strategies and expanding its customers base and production in the market. In the consumer decision making process, motivation is the factor which helps in formulating a better way to understand the behavior of the consumers in the market. Motivation is helpful for Starbucks in developin g the new products and new of coffee for the customers. Motivational Resons behind consumer choice of Starbucks There are some reasons based on the theories motivations, by which consumer make purchasing for e particular product. Those motivations are visitor motivation, branding, and social influence which push the customers towards the products. There are some social factors i.e. social classes, family, references group and culture which determine the behavior of the customers towards the coffee (Schultz, H. Gordon, 2012). Along with this, consumers have perceived the marketing of Starbucks as the green marketing. Starbucks is now operating in the global scale having the priority to secure the supply chain system for the purchasing of fresh coffee. By adopting quality management, Starbucks is able to improve the brand equity, quality performance and efficiency in the market. Consumers choose the coffee of the Starbucks over the competitors because Starbucks always wants to satisfy the customers deeper with focusing on their emotional needs the customers of the company choose to pay a premiu m as they always search for prestige form the company. Further, Starbucks satisfies the customers by self esteem and belongingness and creating experience for every customer. Starbucks stores create a pleasant atmosphere which motivates the customers and to be socialized and get inspired (Krikorian, 2014). Consumer Perception is also an effective internal factor which affect the decision making process of the customers while buying the products. Perception can be described as the process by which individuals gather process and analyze the information from the surroundings and environment. It is based on the point that how a customer perceives a specific product. It is important for marketers to understand the buying perceptions of the customers in the market. So, it is crucial to understand the concept of consumer perception in the consumer behavior. Once the customer is aware about his or her needs then it is important to gather the information regarding products and the solution of their needs. In present time, consumers are becoming more aware about the stores and product information by the magazines, newspaper and other media. On the basis of information of products, they interpret the data which is called perception. It is basically a process by which people select, gather and int erpret the information to make a picture of the product them. There are variations in the behaviors of the buyers in the market towards the products and services. Perception is basically the process to find the meaning or importance of the stimulus get by the social and commercial environment (Kazmi, 2012). By the definitions, it has analyzed that perception is the three step process. Although consumers receive various information regarding specific products and services, but only few information improve the awareness regarding the products. There are some theories of perception by which the level of importance of the organization can be analyzed. There are Gestalt theory of perception, and cognitive theory of perception which are helpful in understanding the concept of perception deeply. By the theories of perception, it is observed that perception is basically the first impression drawn by the individual based on his or her selection and interpretation of the information. That is the reason it is believed that customer perception affect the level of the satisfaction of the customers along with their buying and usage decisions. In the perception by the customers, there are three parts i.e. perceived price, perceived quality and perceived value. Perceived Price- Consumers have both positive and negative perception on the buying behavior with respect to price. Having low income, consumers are price conscious and they shift their preferences towards private label brand rather than selecting the national brand. Along with this, some consumers are price seekers who always look for low price products. For these kinds of customers, having expensive product means achieving high value. On the other hand, there are some customers who are associated with low piece and low quality. For them, high prices are the signal of better quality product. So, there is the price-quality relationship in the perceived price (Monika, Nancy Kent, 2012). Perceived Quality- Quality can be described as the evaluation of superiority and excellence of the specific product. The aim of the quality is to evaluate of the product based on its physical characteristics. The national label brands always produce the products with high technology and sophisticated process and on the other hand, private label brand use less technology and unsophisticated process while producing the products for the customers. The different products create various kind of perception among the customers. So, marketers must focus on the consumer perception by the promotional strategies and products align. Perceived risk- Risk can be considered as the doubt of the customers about their decision of purchasing. Consumers risk perception is an important factor which affects the buying decisions of the consumers in the market. Sometimes, risk during the buying and consumption process may have negative impact on the attitude of the customers. To reduce the risk, consumers prefer to buy more expensive products. There are various types of risk perceived by the consumer i.e. social risk, financial risk, physical risk and functional risk (Yusuf, Fatih Hayrettin, 2013). The above given figure describes the relationship between perceived value, perceived price, perceived risk and perceived quality. It is clear that the quality, price and value is positively related and perceived risk is negatively related. Higher perception of price is the sign of low perceived risk and high perceived quality. On the other hand, lower perception of price and quality are the sign of the higher perceived risk. Now, higher perception of price and value has the positive impact on the value of the product perceived by the consumers. Consumers who perceive the value of price is high, the product will show a better value in the market (Schiffman, Kanuk Hansen, 2012). Perception is the crucial part in the internal influence of the product. People receive various sensations such as sound, smell, taste, texture and sight and select, organize and interpret them. In case of Starbucks, the marketing decisions are related to the environmental factors because of the presence of Starbucks in global market. There are many distribution channels and have different associated constraints. Although Starbucks has very flexible marketing plan with the innovative strategies depends upon the locations to meet the various requirements of the customers. The stores of Starbucks have uniform store culture in all over the world. Along with this, the quality of product is consistent in the Starbucks. The customers perception is affected by the economies, demography and unique culture which come under the environmental factors (Dahlstron, 2010). Despite of focusing on the college students to expand the business, Starbucks have vision to attract the working professionals as well. This came from the realization that the costlier and high quality coffee would be appreciated by the customers and sought by the working professionals as compared to the students. From a survey, it is observed that number of male customers prefer rich coffee and high calorie treats as compared to female customers. Consumers perception for Starbucks Consumer basically focuses on some steps in their decision making process i.e. recognition, information search, identification of alternatives, purchasing and post purchasing behavior. The customers of Starbucks rely on the recognition step if they are existing customers. If the customers are new then they rely on information search about the product. For the customers, Starbucks coffee can be the morning treat. There are many loyal customers of the Starbucks who speak very highly about the brand and its quality of coffee. Starbucks is perceived the best coffee provider company due to having most convenient location for the customers (Burge, 2013). In the Starbucks Company, the decision making process of the consumers is as follows: Need Recognition- In case of Starbucks, need recognition is coffee Starbucks is known for one of the top coffee provider so, customers think about the coffee when it comes to satisfy the customers need. For the Starbucks, customers need is the coffee to stay en energetic during their work so they purchase the coffee in mid-day. Information search- Customers always need information to make purchasing. So, they always start to find from the external sources i.e. asking to the friend or family, and searching from the internet for blogs and news. These are the way of non-controlled information. Along with this, consumers are attracted by the advertising and the Starbucks advertising is well known in the market including ads on TV, newspaper and internet. One of the famous ad of Starbucks is the printed green logo on the cup of coffee. Evaluation of alternatives and purchases- Some customers evaluate the purchases based on the taste of coffee along with the variety, customers services, environment, brand rating and convenient. Sometimes, they evaluate the product based on the location with the taste. Taste is the most significant attributes which is preferred by the customers (Semejin, Van Ambrosini, 2004).. Purchase decision- In the decision making process, perception is the specific factor in the daily life of the consumer. In this context, Starbucks focuses on the employees and their impact on the consumers and their decisions. Starbucks has modeling guidelines to shape the corporate perception for the success in the market. Post purchase decision- The post purchasing behavior is also the most important process to make the customer loyal so that they buy the product again and again. Starbucks basically provides good motive to the customers to come back (Tam, 2008). If they are not satisfied with the drink then they will be offered another drink and a coupon for free one. Starbucks has excellent customer service which provides unique experience to the customers. The company makes sure that customer receive those products which they ask for. The CEO of Starbucks Howard Schultz stated that Starbucks is not in the coffee business, serving people. Starbucks is in the people business, serving coffee. Recommendations Although Starbucks is perceived as the good company among the consumers in terms good taste of coffee but there is the need to increase more customers base by the company in the market. To ensure that all the customers are satisfied, company should engage in the collection of opinions of the customers. Along with this, dealing personally with the customers will improve the satisfaction of customers. Company should conduct training and seminars to provide best customers services to its customers. Further, company should focus on the immediate response to increase emotional satisfaction of the customers. Customers always express brand association by their behavior. Consumers always perceive the product based on that quality which they receive. So, Starbucks should focus on the relationship between the product quality and consumer perception which they receive (Zikmund et al, 2010). Further, company should understand and implement service profit chain as the basic satisfaction of the cu stomers is coffee. High level of satisfaction always turns into customer loyalty. Company should encourage the employees to serve effectively to the customers. Conclusion This report has described the importance of various internal factors of the consumer behavior on the buying process of the consumers. From the above discussion, it has observed that consumer behavior is the decision of the consumers in terms of consumption, purchasing and disposition of the products and services and the time and idea of decision making process. The internal factors of consumers are basically personal thoughts, self concepts, attitude, lifestyle, feelings, memory and motivation and thoughts of the customers. In the report, two main factors motivation and perception has taken. From the analysis, it has observed that consumer motivation is drive to satisfy the various needs and wants of the customers by the purchasing and consumption of the products. Motivation is the inner striving condition which can be described as desires, wishes, drives and needs. There are various theories given by researchers in the consumer motivation i.e. Maslow hierarchy theory, cognitive theo ry, psychoanalytic theory and Gestalt theory. Further, in present time, consumers are becoming more aware about the stores and product information by the magazines, newspaper and other media. On the basis of information of products, they interpret the data which is called perception. For the discussion, the company Starbucks has taken. In Starbucks, consumers are motivated by offering and implementing the discount programs. Above discussion reveals that Starbucks has innovative e marketing strategies for its customers because company knows that customers are very well aware about each and every product because of information available on newspaper, magazines and social media. So, it is important for the marketers to understand the needs and wants of the customers to satisfy them. There are also some theories of perception i.e. Gestalt theory of perception, and cognitive theory of perception which are helpful in understanding the concept of perception deeply. The quality of the products is the strength of Starbucks which are perceived by the customers as the best coffee over the competitors. There are some recommendations for the Starbucks to understand the concept of consumer behavior. To conclude, it can be said that it is important for the marketers to understand the concept of consumer behavior for the success in the market. References Burge, S. A. (2013). The Motivational Reasons behind Consumer Choice in Branded Coffee Shops. Retrieved on 10th May 2017 from https://www2.warwick.ac.uk/fac/cross_fac/iatl/reinvention/issues/bcur2013specialissue/burge/ Cadogan, J. (2009). Marketing strategy. London: SAGE Dahlstron, R. (2010). Green Marketing Management. South-Western College Publishing: New Jersey D'Souza, W. (2010). Motivation. Retrieved on 10th May 2017 from https://consumerbehaviour4vtu.blogspot.in/2009/03/motivation.html Ferrell, O. Hartline, M. (2011). Marketing management strategies. New York: South-Western. Hajarrahmah, D. (2011). The American Image of Starbucks Coffee as Perceived by Its Consumers: Case Study: Starbucks Coffee Paragon Mall Semaran. Retrieved on 10th May 2017 from https://eprints.undip.ac.id/31277/2/The_American_Image_of_Starbucks_Coffee.pdf Hornik J. and Giulia, M. (2009). Synchrony Effects on Customers Responses and Behaviors: International Journal of Research in Marketing. 26(1). 3440 https://www.starbucks.com/about-us/company-information/mission-statement Kazmi, S. Q. (2012). Consumer Perception and Buying Decisions: International Journal of Advancements in Research Technology. Volume 1(6) Krikorian, M. (2014). Business overview: Why Starbucks deserves your attention. Retrieved on 10th May 2017 from https://marketrealist.com/2014/01/business-overview-starbucks-deserves-attention/ Lindgreen, A. (2010). Market orientation. Farnham, Surrey, England: Gower Michael R. S. (2013). Consumer Behavior: Buying, having and being. (10th). USA: Pearson Education Monika Kukar, K., Nancy M, R., Kent B, M. (2012). The Role of Price in the Behavior and Purchase Decisions of Compulsive Buyers: Journal of Retailing. pp 6371 Mooradian, T., Matzler, K. Ring, L. (2012). Strategic marketing. Boston, MA: Pearson Prentice Hall Schiffman, Kanuk Hansen. (2012). Consumer Behaviour: A European outlook. USA: St .Johns University, Newyork Schultz, H. Gordon, J. (2012). Onward: How Starbucks Fought for Its Life without Losing Its Soul. California: Rodale Books Semejin, J.,Van, R. Ambrosini, A.B. (2004). Consumer evaluations of store brands:effect of store image and product attributes: Journal of Retailing and Consumer Service. 11. pp 247-248 Solano Arquiza, M. P. (2009). Consumers' perception on Starbucks' experience economy: a case analysis. Retrieved on 10th May 2017 from https://dspace.cas.upm.edu.ph/xmlui/handle/123456789/361 Starbucks Corporation. (2017). Starbucks Coffee.Retrieved on 10th May 2017 from Stvkov J., Prudilov H., Toufarov Z., Nagyov L., (2007). Factors influencing the consumer behaviour when buying food: Agricultural Economics Czech. 53 (7). 276284. Tam, J. L. (2008). Brand familiarity: its effects on satisfaction evaluations: The Journal of Services Marketing Yusuf, A., Fatih, G., Hayrettin, Z. (2013). Examining Perceived Risk and Its Influence on Attitudes: A Study. 9(4) Zikmund, W. G., Babin, B. J., Jon, C. C., Griffin, M. (2010). Business research methods. SouthWestern: Cengage Learning

Sample Essay on My Future Goals

Sample Essay on My Future GoalsAs you begin your college admissions process, the first step you should take is a sample essay on your future goals. This will be helpful in answering many of the questions the admissions office will ask you. They will want to know how you plan to fulfill your future college goals, what your skills and abilities are, how you see yourself succeeding in your future academic pursuits, and whether or not you think you have the abilities necessary to succeed in college.Writing a sample essay on your future goals can be a great way to answer these questions. Here are some tips to help you out.First, when you are reviewing your future goals, consider how you would like to be portrayed in your essay. For example, would you like to be described as 'smart'? Or, do you want to be described as someone who 'has the potential to excel?'Second, what do you want readers to get from reading your future goal? Do you want them to like you? Or, do you want them to like the skill or ability you have, or even the educational background you have?Third, how do you want readers to feel after reading your future goal? Do you want them to think you are smart? Or, do you want them to think you are someone who has the potential to excel?Fourth, what do you want readers to take away from your future goal? Do you want them to be impressed? Or, do you want them to feel inspired?Finally, write your sample essay on your future goal. Make sure you get a copy of the essay into the hands of an admissions officer sothey can see the essay and get a sense of your future goals. You'll then have a better idea of how you can include your goals in your final essay.

Walters, Luther Essays - Cultural Anthropology, Oral Tradition

Walters, Luther ENG 161-68 Thurs. February 02, 1999 You Can Lead A Horse To Water, But You Can't Make Him Drink. You can lead a horse to water but you can't make him drink is a proverb that relates to my educational experiences and the introduction of my sons academics. Acquainting a youngster to new things isn't easy. Instinctively, a child learns quickly from what it views of the world. This cautions me to be aware of how I display myself in front of my sons. Showing them how to drink water from a cup ensures that they will someday drink on their own. Therefore, demonstrating how to learn, study, and absorb things will help them to make confident decisions in the future. Comparatively, placing a book before a child without teaching it to read is the same as trying to force a horse to drink. It won't work! But, by guiding the horse (child) and unveiling the inherent value of the water (book), a curiosity stirs and the stubbornness surrenders. There's a patient teacher in all of us. Spend time with a child and help it to discover the Stallion within itself. Of coarse you can lead a child to school, that's easy. But can you, as an adult, guide him or her in a way that blossoms their creativeness?